Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder. Individuals with ADHD typically exhibit symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. ADHD is not simply about being unable to sit still or being easily distracted — it is a complex condition involving the brain’s regulation of attention, impulse control, and executive functioning.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and multiple international studies, ADHD affects approximately 5–7% of children and 2–5% of adults worldwide. This means ADHD is not only a childhood condition — many individuals continue to be affected into adulthood, with symptoms impacting work performance, relationships, and daily functioning.
In Hong Kong, the prevalence of ADHD is relatively high. According to various research studies, approximately 3 to 7 out of every 100 school-aged children are affected. Psychiatrists diagnose ADHD through detailed medical history interviews, behavioural observations, and standardised assessment tools. During the diagnostic process, doctors collaborate with the patient’s parents and teachers to gather comprehensive information on behaviour and academic performance.
In terms of treatment, psychiatrists develop personalised treatment plans based on each patient’s specific needs. Medication — including central nervous system stimulants (such as methylphenidate) and non-stimulants — is one of the common treatment methods, helping to reduce symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity. Psychological therapies are also important, such as behaviour management and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), which help patients learn self-regulation and improve focus.
Throughout the treatment process, psychiatrists regularly assess the effectiveness of the treatment and adjust the plan as needed. They also provide guidance and support to families and schools to help patients better cope with the challenges of ADHD in daily life.
ADHD is not a sign of laziness or weak willpower — it is a recognised neurodevelopmental condition. With the right support, individuals with ADHD can thrive academically, professionally, and personally. If you or someone close to you shows persistent signs of inattention, hyp
